Queue

Salabim has a class Queue for queue handling of components. The advantage over the standard list and deque are:

  • double linked, resulting in easy and efficient insertion and deletion at any place

  • builtin data collection and statistics

  • priority sorting

Salabim uses queues internally for resources and states as well.

Definition of a queue is simple:

waitingline=sim.Queue('waitingline')

The name of a queue can retrieved with q.name().

There is a set of methods for components to enter and leave a queue and retrieval:

Component

Queue

Description

c.enter(q)

q.add(c) or q.append(c)

c enters q at the tail

c.enter_to_head(q)

q.add_at_head(c)

c enters q at the head

c.enter_in_front(q, c1)

q.add_in_front_of(c, c1)

c enters q in front of c1

c.enter_behind(q, c1)

q.add_behind(c, c1)`

c enters q behind c1

c.enter_sorted(q, p)

q.add_sorted(c, p)

c enters q according to priority p

c.leave(q)

q.remove(c) q.insert(c,i) q.pop() q.pop(i) q.head() or q[0] q.tail() or q[-1] q.index(c) q.component_with_name(n)

c leaves q insert c just before the i-th component in q removes head of q and returns it removes i-th component in q and returns it returns head of q returns tail of q returns the position of c in q returns the component with name n in q

c.successor(q)

q.successor(c)

successor of c in q

c.predecessor(q)

q.predecessor(c)

predecessor of c in q

c.count(q)

q.count(c)

returns 1 if c in q, 0 otherwise

c.queues()

returns a set with all queues where c is in

c.count()

returns number of queues c is in

Queue is a standard ABC class, which means that the following methods are supported:

  • len(q) to retrieve the length of a queue, alternatively via the level monitor with q.length()

  • c in q to check whether a component is in a queue

  • for c in q: to traverse a queue (Note that it is even possible to remove and add components in the for body).

  • reversed(q) for the components in the queue in reverse order

  • slicing is supported, so it is possible to get the 2nd, 3rd and 4th component in a queue with q[1:4] or q[::-1] for all elements in reverse order.

  • del q[i] removes the i’th component. Also slicing is supported, so e.g. to delete the last three elements from queue, del q[-1:-4:-1]

  • q.append(c) is equivalent to q.add(c)

It is possible to do a number of operations that work on the queues:

  • q.intersection(q1) or q & q1 returns a new queue with components that are both in q and q1

  • q.difference(q1) or q - q1` returns a new queue with components that are in q1 but not in q2

  • q.union(q1) or q | q1 or q + q1 returns a new queue with components that are in q or q1

  • q.symmetric_difference(q) or q ^ q1 returns a queue with components that are in q or q1, but not both

  • q.clear() empties a queue

  • q.copy() copies all components in q to a new queue. The queue q is untouched.

  • q.move() copies all components in q to a new queue. The queue q is emptied.

  • q.extend(q1) extends the q with elements in q1, that are not yet in q

Note that it is possible to rename a queue (particularly those created with +, -, ^, | or sum) with the rename() method:

(q0 | q1 | q2 | q3).rename('q0 - q3).print_info()

Salabim keeps track of the enter time in a queue: c.enter_time (q)

Unless disabled explicitly, the length of the queue and length of stay of components are monitored in q.length and q.length_of_stay. It is possible to obtain a number of statistics on these monitors (cf. Monitor).

With q.print_statistics() the key statistics of these two monitors are printed.

E.g.:

-------------------------------------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Length of waitingline                        duration          50000        48499.381     1500.619
                                             mean                  8.427        8.687
                                             std.deviation         4.852        4.691

                                             minimum               0            1
                                             median                9           10
                                             90% percentile       14           14
                                             95% percentile       16           16
                                             maximum              21           21

Length of stay in waitingline                entries            4995         4933           62
                                             mean                 84.345       85.405
                                             std.deviation        48.309       47.672

                                             minimum               0            0.006
                                             median               94.843       95.411
                                             90% percentile      142.751      142.975
                                             95% percentile      157.467      157.611
                                             maximum             202.153      202.153

The arrival rate and departure rate (number of arrivals, departures per time unit) can be found with:

  • q.arrival_rate()

  • q.departure_rate()

With q.print_info() a summary of the contents of a queue can be printed.

E.g.

Queue 0x20e116153c8
  name=waitingline
  component(s):
    customer.4995        enter_time 49978.472 priority=0
    customer.4996        enter_time 49991.298 priority=0